Foreign nationals who have established or are establishing their domicile or residence in Romania may apply to exchange their national driving licenses for equivalent Romanian documents. To determine the jurisdiction of the local public community service, the applicant must declare on their own responsibility that:

• they usually reside for at least 185 days in a calendar year at an address or addresses in Romania, at least one of which falls under the jurisdiction of the local public community service, due to personal and professional ties, or due to personal ties that indicate close connections to that address or addresses, if they have no professional ties; or

• they return regularly to an address within the jurisdiction of the local public community service due to personal connections to that address, even though they live alternately in different places located in two or more EU member states, because their professional ties are in a different place than their personal ties; or

• they usually reside at an address within the jurisdiction of the local public community service due to personal ties to that address, even though they are temporarily living in another member state for a fixed-term activity or assignment.

The driving license examination consists of two stages, taken on different days: a theoretical test followed by a practical test.

Find more information on the oficial website www.e-guvernare.ro

Theoretical tests for multiple categories may be taken on the same day, except in cases where obtaining one category depends on previously holding another category.

The theoretical test is conducted using a software application developed and managed by D.R.P.C.I.V. (Romanian Driving License and Vehicle Registration Authority).

The examination is carried out after completing the required formalities at the office of the competent local public community service, which include: verifying the exam file, capturing the facial image, and registering in the examination software system.

Candidates who pass the theoretical test ("admitted") are scheduled for the practical test based on availability and in the order of request.

The practical test is conducted as follows:

• Only in the driving yard (closed circuit) for vehicles in category AM;
• In the yard and on public roads for vehicles in categories A1, A2, and A;
• Only on public roads for vehicles in categories B1, B, BE, C1, C1E, C, CE, D1, D1E, D, DE, Tr, Tb, and Tv.

For categories A1, A2, and A, where both the yard and road tests are required, the examination consists of completing the yard test followed by the road test on the same day.

If the candidate applies for multiple categories, the practical tests are scheduled on different days, with each day allocated to one specific category.

The theoretical test is conducted in rooms specifically arranged for this purpose and consists of selecting the correct answers to multiple-choice questions generated by a computerized system.

For Romanian citizens belonging to national minorities, the theoretical test may be taken, upon request, in their native language, in accordance with Article 19 of Law no. 215/2001 on local public administration, republished, with subsequent amendments and completions.

For foreign nationals, including citizens of EU member states (other than Romania), citizens of the European Economic Area, and citizens of the Swiss Confederation, the theoretical test may be taken, upon request, in English, French, or German.

Candidates can test their theoretical knowledge in advance using a free online application provided by D.R.P.C.I.V., available on their official website: www.drpciv.ro